Question 1

Enkephalins produce presynaptic inhibition in neurons transmitting pain signals. Increased levels of enkephalins will

Accepted Answer

A)   increase awareness of pain.
B)   decrease awareness of pain.
C)   increase amount of pain.
D)   decrease amount of pain.
E)   have no effect on awareness or amount of pain.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow)  of

Accepted Answer

A)   potassium ions.
B)   chloride ions.
C)   calcium ions.
D)   sodium ions.
E)   proteins.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following events is NOT a characteristic of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)   The plasma membrane becomes highly permeable to sodium ions and depolarization results.
B)   As sodium ions enter, the inside of the plasma membrane becomes more negative.
C)   At the peak of depolarization, sodium channels begin to close and potassium channels open.
D)   In repolarization, potassium ions flow out of the cell.
E)   Action potentials occur according to the all-or-none principle.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Receptor molecules

Accepted Answer

A)   are nonspecific.
B)   are always lipids.
C)   attach to the synaptic cleft.
D)   determine whether a neurotransmitter will be excitatory or inhibitory.
E)   are not attached to ligand-gated channels.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

The nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)   monitors internal and external stimuli.
B)   transmits information in the form of action potentials.
C)   interprets or assesses information.
D)   maintains homeostasis.
E)   All of these choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Why isn't an action potential transmitted from a postsynaptic membrane to a presynaptic terminal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Presynaptic terminals have no acetylcholine receptors.
B)   Presynaptic neurons do not have a resting membrane potential.
C)   Acetylcholine can only diffuse in one direction across the synaptic cleft.
D)   Synaptic vesicles in the postsynaptic membrane are inactive.
E)   Acetylcholine is destroyed too fast.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in

Accepted Answer

A)   ganglia.
B)   Schwann cells.
C)   the motor division.
D)   the sensory division.
E)   nerves.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

When two action potentials arrive simultaneously at two different presynaptic terminals that synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron,

Accepted Answer

A)   the direction of the action potential is reversed.
B)   temporal summation occurs.
C)   spatial summation occurs.
D)   hyperpolarization occurs.
E)   threshold is never reached.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Most unipolar neurons are ____________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most unipolar neurons are ____________ neurons....

Question 10

The enteric nervous system consists of plexuses within the walls of the

Accepted Answer

A)   brain.
B)   spinal cord.
C)   digestive tract.
D)   urinary bladder.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-requires ATP

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration of potassium
B)  concentration of sodium and chloride
C)  negatively charged proteins
D)  sodium/potassium pump
E)  plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channelsF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Gray matter has little myelination, whereas white matter has abundant myelination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   postsynaptic membrane
B)   synaptic cleft
C)   synaptic vesicle
D)   voltage-gated calcium channel
E)   presynaptic terminalF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 14

The motor (efferent)  division of the peripheral nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)   is a division of the CNS.
B)   regulates the digestion of food.
C)   transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle.
D)   has nerve cell bodies located in ganglia near the spinal cord and brain.
E)   detects a stimulus.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells....

Question 16

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Action Potential

Accepted Answer

A)  a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area
B)  a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state
C)  a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell
D)  membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell
E)  return to the resting membrane potentialF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Match the term with the correct definition.
-depolarization

Accepted Answer

A)  a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area
B)  a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state
C)  a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell
D)  membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell
E)  return to the resting membrane potentialF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following statements accurately describe events that occur as a result of a local potential reaching threshold?

Accepted Answer

A)   Activation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to close.
B)   Inactivation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to open.
C)   A positive feedback cycle develops in which depolarization causes activation gates of Na+ ion channels to open.
D)   K+ ion channels begin to close.
E)   Inactivation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to open and a positive feedback cycle develops in which depolarization causes activation gates of Na+ ion channels to open.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is

Accepted Answer

A)   from node to node on a myelinated axon.
B)   on a small diameter axon.
C)   on an unmyelinated axon.
D)   from internode to internode.
E)   from internode to node on a myelinated axon.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Local hyperpolarization in a synapse is called a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)   excitatory postsynaptic potential.
B)   resting membrane potential.
C)   inhibitory postsynaptic potential.
D)   gap junction potential.
E)   action potential.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Which of the following events is NOT a characteristic of an action potential?

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The enteric nervous system consists of plexuses within the walls of the

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The motor (efferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

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Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in

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Most unipolar neurons are ____________ neurons.

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Match the term with the correct definition. -Action Potential

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Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -requires ATP

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The nervous system

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Which of the following statements accurately describe events that occur as a result of a local potential reaching threshold?

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Local hyperpolarization in a synapse is called a(an)

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Receptor molecules

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Why isn't an action potential transmitted from a postsynaptic membrane to a presynaptic terminal?

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Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow) of

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Gray matter has little myelination, whereas white matter has abundant myelination.

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Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells.

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When two action potentials arrive simultaneously at two different presynaptic terminals that synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron,

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Enkephalins produce presynaptic inhibition in neurons transmitting pain signals. Increased levels of enkephalins will

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-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does "E" represent?

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Match the term with the correct definition. -depolarization

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Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is

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