Question 1

According to ______ theory,we never actually acquire unattended material at all.

Accepted Answer

A)  schema
B)  bottleneck
C)  attenuation
D)  filterE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

What characterizes hemineglect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patients forget about one hemisphere of their brain.
B)  Patients tend to ignore information processed through a damaged hemisphere.
C)  Patients fail to use certain cognitive processes results in brain damage.
D)  Patients can no longer identify spherical shapes.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

In the Stroop effect,participants have difficulty correctly naming the color of ink that a word is written in when the word ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  is unrelated to the topic of color
B)  names the color of ink
C)  names a color which is not the ink color
D)  is not a word at all,but a pronounceable nonsense syllableE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

During an ERP task,a researcher notices that there were no large amplitude responses to several stimuli that participants listen to,even after 1000ms.What does this suggest about the amount of attention that was paid to the stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants paid attention to the stimuli.
B)  Participants did not pay attention to the stimuli.
C)  Nothing.The researcher needs to wait longer to observe the ERP.
D)  Nothing.The researcher should look for low-amplitude responses.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Treisman's theory argues that "unattended" information is actually ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  blocked by a mental filter
B)  attenuated but not entirely blocked
C)  never acquired in the first place
D)  processed to the level of meaning,then repressedE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The ______ theory of attention states that there is a very limited amount of information that can be attended to at one time;unattended information is almost completely blocked and is not processed further except for some physical/acoustical properties.

Accepted Answer

A)  filter
B)  attenuation
C)  schema
D)  divided attentionE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

In Schneider and Shiffrin's classic study of visual search for targets,which of the following variables DID have an effect on processing in the varied-mapping condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  memory set size
B)  frame size
C)  frame time
D)  all of theseE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following provides the most likely explanation for the findings of Spelke,Hirst,and Neisser (in which participants learned to simultaneously take dictation and read with comprehension) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants learned to alternate between the two tasks.
B)  The reading task became automatic with practice.
C)  The dictation task became automatic with practice.
D)  Participants learned to combine the two specific tasks.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

If a participant attends to an auditory stimulus,you would expect their ERP results to show ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  no electrical activity
B)  lower amplitude activity than an unattended stimulus
C)  higher amplitude activity than an unattended stimulus
D)  the same activity as an unattended stimulusE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Describe how the metaphor of a spotlight applies to attention.

Accepted Answer

Just as you can move a spotlight from on...

Question 11

The word "cat" is ______ by the phrase "The dog chased the…." That is,the word cat is especially ready to be recognized or attended to.

Accepted Answer

A)  filtered
B)  attenuated
C)  primed
D)  suggestedE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Treisman and Schmidt (1982) found that when participants' attentional resources were strained,they sometimes incorrectly integrated feature information across objects resulting in mixed perceptions.This is known as a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  conjunction fallacy
B)  combinatorial conjunction
C)  illusory correlation
D)  illusory conjunctionE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The Stroop task involves an inability to read color names.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Broadbent,in proposing his filter theory of attention,argued that an attentional filter lets some information through and blocks out the rest.This filter is based upon ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the meaning of the message
B)  a physical characteristic of the message
C)  the importance of the message
D)  the language of the messageE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Describe an experimental finding that causes problems for filter theories of attention.

Accepted Answer

Any finding that suggests that we do pro...

Question 16

According to Treisman's attenuation theory,the cocktail party effect occurs because ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  words like your own name have permanently lowered thresholds for recognition
B)  your name is primed by the context of the conversation
C)  perception of expected information is easier than perception of unexpected information
D)  its physical characteristics make it "stand out" from surrounding conversationE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Automatic processes involve intention and conscious awareness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Neisser's schema theory of attention posits that we ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  pay the most attention to things we expect
B)  pay the most attention to things that are unexpected
C)  attend to all objects and events unequally
D)  have difficulty attending to things that are newE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Studies in which many participants fail to notice the presence of a gorilla or that two people switch places while being asked to engage in some other task (such as counting how many balls were passed or giving directions) is best considered an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  inattentional blindness
B)  prosopagnosia
C)  filtering
D)  maskingE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Research on divided attention suggests that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  some people can multitask without any drop in performance
B)  there are no limits on the number of things that we can successfully do at once
C)  as individual tasks become more demanding,multitasking becomes more efficient
D)  if you think that you are doing two things simultaneously,you are probably really rapidly switching attention back and forth between the twoE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 4: Attention: Deploying Cognitive Resources

The word "cat" is ______ by the phrase "The dog chased the…." That is,the word cat is especially ready to be recognized or attended to.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ______ theory of attention states that there is a very limited amount of information that can be attended to at one time;unattended information is almost completely blocked and is not processed further except for some physical/acoustical properties.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe an experimental finding that causes problems for filter theories of attention.

Correct AnswerverifiedAny finding that suggests that we do pro...View AnswerShow Answer

Neisser's schema theory of attention posits that we ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on divided attention suggests that ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Automatic processes involve intention and conscious awareness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Treisman's theory argues that "unattended" information is actually ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Stroop effect,participants have difficulty correctly naming the color of ink that a word is written in when the word ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Schneider and Shiffrin's classic study of visual search for targets,which of the following variables DID have an effect on processing in the varied-mapping condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following provides the most likely explanation for the findings of Spelke,Hirst,and Neisser (in which participants learned to simultaneously take dictation and read with comprehension) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies in which many participants fail to notice the presence of a gorilla or that two people switch places while being asked to engage in some other task (such as counting how many balls were passed or giving directions) is best considered an example of which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What characterizes hemineglect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Stroop task involves an inability to read color names.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to ______ theory,we never actually acquire unattended material at all.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Treisman's attenuation theory,the cocktail party effect occurs because ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Broadbent,in proposing his filter theory of attention,argued that an attentional filter lets some information through and blocks out the rest.This filter is based upon ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a participant attends to an auditory stimulus,you would expect their ERP results to show ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During an ERP task,a researcher notices that there were no large amplitude responses to several stimuli that participants listen to,even after 1000ms.What does this suggest about the amount of attention that was paid to the stimuli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how the metaphor of a spotlight applies to attention.

Correct AnswerverifiedJust as you can move a spotlight from on...View AnswerShow Answer

Treisman and Schmidt (1982) found that when participants' attentional resources were strained,they sometimes incorrectly integrated feature information across objects resulting in mixed perceptions.This is known as a(n) ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Any finding that suggests that we do pro...
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Just as you can move a spotlight from on...
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