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Exam 2: Energy: Warming Earth and the Atmosphere

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Question 21

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If the amount of energy lost by Earth to space each year were not approximately equal to that received, ____.

A) the atmosphere's average temperature would change
B) the length of the year would change
C) the Sun's output would change
D) the mass of the atmosphere would change
E) nothing would change

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Question 22

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Carbon dioxide and water vapor are called selective absorbing greenhouse gases.

A) True
B) False

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Question 23

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In the discussion of Earth's annual energy balance, we saw that Earth absorbed approximately 51 units of solar energy but emitted 117 units of infrared energy. What prevents Earth from getting colder and colder?

Earth's radiative equilibrium temperature is the ____.

_______________ is energy in the process of being transferred from one object to another because of the ____________________ difference between them.

When water changes from a solid to a vapor, without going through a liquid state, we call this process ____.

Earth's surface temperature often ____________________ on a calm night as a low cloud moves overhead.

Which principle best describes why melting occurs first in snow around tree trunks?

The ability or capacity to do work on some form of matter is called ____.

Good absorbers of radiation are usually poor emitters of radiation.

Normally, solar wind approaches Earth at an average speed of ____.

When water vapor condenses into clouds, ____________________ is released into the atmosphere. This provides a tremendous amount of heat in storms, such as thunderstorms and hurricanes.

Explain how energy in the form of sunlight absorbed at the ground could be transferred upward in the atmosphere in the form of latent heat. How or when is the latent heat energy released in the air above the ground?

Sunlight that bounces off a surface is said to be ____ from the surface.

The atmosphere near Earth's surface is "heated from below" by heat energy from Earth's interior.

Temperature is a measure of the average speed of ____________________ and ____________________.

Snow will usually melt on the roof of a home that is ____.

Most of the solar wind emitted by the Sun never reaches Earth because of Earth's tilt.

Use a small spoonful of boiling water and a large jug of boiling water to illustrate the difference between heat and temperature.

Will a rising parcel of air always expand? Does this expansion cause the air temperature to increase or decrease?