Question 1

Whether a synapse is excitatory or inhibitory is determined by the

Accepted Answer

A)   number of action potentials arriving at the presynaptic axon terminal.
B)   size of the calcium current flowing into the presynaptic axon terminal.
C)   type of transmitter released by the presynaptic neuron and the receptor to which that transmitter binds on the postsynaptic neuron.
D)   sensitivity of the postsynaptic membrane.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Event-related potentials are particularly useful for diagnosing problems with _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Event-related potentials are particularly useful for diagnosing...

Question 3

The _______ is the site at which the action potential is initiated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ is the site at which...

Question 4

Refer to the figure.
 This figure depicts the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   an action potential propagating over a presynaptic membrane.
B)   kiss and run.
C)   transmitter reuptake.
D)   exocytosis.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Muscarine is derived from a type of

Accepted Answer

A)   mushroom.
B)   snake.
C)   spider.
D)   plant.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

An afterpotential is

Accepted Answer

A)   a brief hyperpolarization that follows an action potential ("undershoot") .
B)   a brief depolarization that follows an action potential ("overshoot") .
C)   a brief hyperpolarization that follows an EPSP ("undershoot") .
D)   the portion of an action potential between 0 and +30 mV.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Loss of consciousness and symmetrical involvement of the body are characteristic of _______ seizures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Loss of consciousness and symmetrical involvement of...

Question 8

Compare and contrast electroencephalograms and event-related potentials, describing how each arises and their electrophysiological bases. What abnormal conditions can they be used to diagnose?

Accepted Answer

Electroencephalograms (EEGs) and event-r...

Question 9

The myelin sheath that encases some axons is interrupted by _______, small gaps spaced about every millimeter along the axon.

Accepted Answer

A)   channelopathies
B)   batrachotoxin spaces
C)   nodes of Ranvier
D)   ion channel openingsE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which process is not involved in chemical synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   Electrical conduction across the synaptic cleft
B)   Binding to autoreceptors
C)   Influx of calcium at the presynaptic membrane
D)   ReuptakeE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Inside the nerve cell there is a high concentration of _______ ions, while outside the cell there is a high concentration of _______ ions.

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium; potassium
B)   potassium; sodium
C)   sodium; calcium
D)   sodium; potassiumE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Refer to the figure.
This diagram illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   ectopic transmission.
B)   an electrical synapse.
C)   a nondirected synapse.
D)   an axo-axonic synapse.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Discuss the generation of EEG and ERP measures and the defining features of epilepsy.

Accepted Answer

EEG (electroencephalogram) measures the ...

Question 14

Spontaneous electrical rhythms that can be recorded from the surface of the scalp

Accepted Answer

A)   indicate a pathological condition, such as epilepsy.
B)   demonstrate that neurons are constantly moving.
C)   are generated by the activity of populations of neurons.
D)   reflect the brain's reaction to discrete stimuli.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Which element is an anion in the extracellular or intracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Calcium
B)   Potassium
C)   Chloride
D)   SodiumE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Describe the function of two kinds of acetylcholine receptors. Explain how specific exogenous ligands affect each receptor type.

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine receptors are a type of ne...

Question 17

Otto Loewi's experiments showed that the _______ releases acetylcholine, which _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   heart; affects the vagus nerve
B)   vagus nerve; increases heart rate
C)   vagus nerve; decreases heart rate
D)   brain; decreases heart rateE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Muscarine and nicotine mimic the action of

Accepted Answer

A)   G proteins.
B)   calcium.
C)   acetylcholine.
D)   GABA.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

In general, the action potential is first initiated at the

Accepted Answer

A)   synapse.
B)   outer reaches of the dendrite.
C)   axon hillock.
D)   node of Ranvier.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Describe in general terms the postsynaptic electrical events (i.e., postsynaptic potentials) associated with the generation of an action potential. Include in your answer the differences between spatial and temporal summation.

Accepted Answer

Postsynaptic electrical events, or posts...

Exam 3: Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

Whether a synapse is excitatory or inhibitory is determined by the

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An afterpotential is

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Refer to the figure. This diagram illustrates

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Describe in general terms the postsynaptic electrical events (i.e., postsynaptic potentials) associated with the generation of an action potential. Include in your answer the differences between spatial and temporal summation.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIPostsynaptic electrical events, or posts...View AnswerShow Answer

Spontaneous electrical rhythms that can be recorded from the surface of the scalp

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Inside the nerve cell there is a high concentration of _______ ions, while outside the cell there is a high concentration of _______ ions.

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In general, the action potential is first initiated at the

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The _______ is the site at which the action potential is initiated.

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Describe the function of two kinds of acetylcholine receptors. Explain how specific exogenous ligands affect each receptor type.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAcetylcholine receptors are a type of ne...View AnswerShow Answer

Otto Loewi's experiments showed that the _______ releases acetylcholine, which _______.

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Compare and contrast electroencephalograms and event-related potentials, describing how each arises and their electrophysiological bases. What abnormal conditions can they be used to diagnose?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIElectroencephalograms (EEGs) and event-r...View AnswerShow Answer

Which element is an anion in the extracellular or intracellular fluid?

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The myelin sheath that encases some axons is interrupted by _______, small gaps spaced about every millimeter along the axon.

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Muscarine and nicotine mimic the action of

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Muscarine is derived from a type of

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Which process is not involved in chemical synaptic transmission?

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Loss of consciousness and symmetrical involvement of the body are characteristic of _______ seizures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Event-related potentials are particularly useful for diagnosing problems with _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure. This figure depicts the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the generation of EEG and ERP measures and the defining features of epilepsy.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIEEG (electroencephalogram) measures the ...View AnswerShow Answer

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Postsynaptic electrical events, or posts...
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Inside the nerve cell there is a high concentration of _ ions, while outside the cell there is a high concentration of _ ions.

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Acetylcholine receptors are a type of ne...
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Otto Loewi's experiments showed that the _ releases acetylcholine, which _.

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Electroencephalograms (EEGs) and event-r...
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EEG (electroencephalogram) measures the ...
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