Question 1

Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.
  As an RN working in a research unit, you are responsible for data and specimen collection for multiple research studies. A patient is admitted as a participant in a study focused on the role of tRNA mutations in Alzheimer’s disease. The 78-year-old male is accompanied by his wife and daughter. Prior to obtaining the first blood specimen, you provide education regarding the importance of the study and the overall process of protein synthesis. 
-Which of the following statements,by the patient's daughter,demonstrates her understanding of the function of tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  "tRNA possesses an anticodon complementary to an mRNA codon."
B)  "tRNA is an exact copy of a gene's DNA sequence."
C)  "tRNA is a structural component of the ribosome."
D)  "tRNA is responsible for regulating transcription and translation."E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have

Accepted Answer

A)  histone proteins.
B)  chromosomes in a nucleus.
C)  several to many chromosomes.
D)  elongated,not circular,chromosomes.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Restriction endonucleases are obtained from various species of bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Excised introns form structures called lariats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

During replication,each parent DNA strand serves as a _____ for synthesis of new DNA strands.

Accepted Answer

A)  copy point
B)  template
C)  comparison molecule
D)  scaffold
E)  reservoirF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Transcription occurs in the nucleus or at the nucleoid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The nontranscribed region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  promoter.
B)  operator.
C)  operon.
D)  exon.
E)  intron.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 8

DNA Polymerase I

Accepted Answer

A)  removes primers.
B)  adds bases to new DNA chain.
C)  supercoils DNA.
D)  unzips DNA.
E)  synthesizes RNA primer.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

What type of mutation alters the base,but not the amino acid being coded for?

Accepted Answer

A)  silent
B)  back
C)  point
D)  nonsense
E)  missenseF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Semiconservative replication refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  each base bonding at the 1' position of the sugar.
B)  a purine always bonding to a pyrimidine.
C)  one helix strand that runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5' direction.
D)  an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule.
E)  None of the choices is correct.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 11

DNA photolyase,in the presence of visible light,can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Amplification of DNA is accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A)  polymerase chain reaction.
B)  DNA sequencing.
C)  gene probes.
D)  southern blot.
E)  western blot.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

The size of DNA is often given in the number of _____ that it contains.

Accepted Answer

A)  genes
B)  codons
C)  base pairs
D)  proteins
E)  tripletsF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 14

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic engineering.
B)  biotechnology.
C)  recombinant DNA.
D)  gel electrophoresis.
E)  gene probes.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Which cell can transfer chromosomal and plasmid genes to a recipient cell by conjugation?

Accepted Answer

A)  F+ cell
B)  F- cell
C)  Hfr cell
D)  R cell
E)  B cellF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Helicase

Accepted Answer

A)  unzips DNA.
B)  supercoils DNA.
C)  unwinds RNA.
D)  winds RNA.
E)  None of the choices is correct.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 17

Restriction endonucleases recognize and clip at DNA base sequences called

Accepted Answer

A)  codons.
B)  palindromes.
C)  introns.
D)  exons.
E)  genes.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis are called

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomal RNA.
B)  messenger RNA.
C)  transfer RNA.
D)  primer RNA.
E)  ribozymes.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Among the microorganisms,various genomes can include

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes.
B)  plasmids.
C)  mitochondrial DNA.
D)  chloroplast DNA.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Repressible operons are normally turned on in the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

Excised introns form structures called lariats.

Correct Answer
verified

Restriction endonucleases are obtained from various species of bacteria.

Correct Answer
verified

Among the microorganisms,various genomes can include

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Restriction endonucleases recognize and clip at DNA base sequences called

Correct Answer
verified

Which cell can transfer chromosomal and plasmid genes to a recipient cell by conjugation?

Correct Answer
verified

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called

Correct Answer
verified

Amplification of DNA is accomplished by

Correct Answer
verified

The size of DNA is often given in the number of _____ that it contains.

Correct Answer
verified

DNA photolyase,in the presence of visible light,can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Correct Answer
verified

DNA Polymerase I

Correct Answer
verified

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have

Correct Answer
verified

Semiconservative replication refers to

Correct Answer
verified

What type of mutation alters the base,but not the amino acid being coded for?

Correct Answer
verified

Transcription occurs in the nucleus or at the nucleoid.

Correct Answer
verified

During replication,each parent DNA strand serves as a _____ for synthesis of new DNA strands.

Correct Answer
verified

Helicase

Correct Answer
verified

The nontranscribed region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is called the

Correct Answer
verified

The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis are called

Correct Answer
verified

Repressible operons are normally turned on in the cell.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

Excised introns form structures called lariats.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Restriction endonucleases are obtained from various species of bacteria.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among the microorganisms,various genomes can include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Restriction endonucleases recognize and clip at DNA base sequences called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which cell can transfer chromosomal and plasmid genes to a recipient cell by conjugation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amplification of DNA is accomplished by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The size of DNA is often given in the number of _____ that it contains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA photolyase,in the presence of visible light,can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA Polymerase I

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Semiconservative replication refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of mutation alters the base,but not the amino acid being coded for?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transcription occurs in the nucleus or at the nucleoid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During replication,each parent DNA strand serves as a _____ for synthesis of new DNA strands.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helicase

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nontranscribed region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repressible operons are normally turned on in the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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